Ellagic acid protected the gingival tissue via fibroblast and epidermal growth factors in rats.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) in gingival tissues injury in rats. METHODS: Twenty rats were categorized into two groups. In burn group, an excisional wound area was created by removing a 4-mm diameter flap from the left molar region in the mucoperiosteal region of the gingiva. In burn + ellagic acid group, 1.2 mg/mL EA was administered as irrigation for one week. Animals was sacrificed under anesthesia at the end of experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione (GSH) level were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) immunostainings were applied to tissues. RESULTS: MDA, MPO, inflammation and leukocyte infiltration were high in burn group. Degeneration epithelium, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in connective tissue areas, and dilatation and congestion in blood vessels were observed in burn group. In burn + EA group, the gingival epithelium improved, collagen fiber production increased and organized dermis were observed. After burn injury, FGF and EGF activity was increased in EA treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that EA have the potential for better healing outcomes in oral wounds. EA seems to have promising therapeutic efficacy to enhance oral wound healing.

The effect of graft application and simvastatin treatment on tibial bone defect in rats. A histological and immunohistochemical study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate histologically and immunohistochemically the bone regeneration after application of simvastatin on tibial bone defects in rats. METHODS: Sixty Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups as control (6 mm tibial bone defect), defect + graft (allograft treatment), and defect + graft + simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. RESULTS: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation in control group (defect group), congestion in blood vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells. In defect + graft group, osteoclastic activity was observed and osteocyte cells were continued to develop. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteocytes and matrix formation were increased in the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin and osteonectin expression were positive in the osteclast cells in the control group. Osteoblasts and some osteocytes showed a positive reaction of osteopontin and osteopontin. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteonectin and osteopontin expression were positive in osteoblast and osteocyte cells, and a positive expression in osteon formation was also seen in new bone trabeculae. CONCLUSION: The simvastatin application was thought to increase bone turnover by increasing the osteoinductive effect with graft and significantly affect the formation of new bone.

The effect of graft application and allopurinol treatment on calvarial bone defect in rats1.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of allopurinol administration on osteoinductive reaction and bone development with graft material. METHODS: Thirty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups. In the control group, calvarial bone defect was only created without any treatment. In the Defect + Graft group, allograft treatment was performed by forming 8 mm calvarial bone defect. In the Defect + Graft + Allopurinol group, alloplastic bone graft was placed in the calvarial bone defect and then, allopurinol (50 mg/kg/day) treatment was intraperitoneally applied for 28 days. RESULTS: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation, congestion in the vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells in the defect area. We also observed that new osteocyte cells, increase in connective tissue fibers, and new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was positive in osteoblast cells and lacunated osteocyte cells were located in the periphery of the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was also positive in osteoblasts and osteocytes cells of new bone trabeculae in the graft site. CONCLUSION: It has been shown that allopurinol treatment in rat calvaria defects may induce osteoblastic activity, matrix development, mature bone cell formation and new bone formation when used with autogenous grafts.

Effects on alveolar bone of diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin in rats: histopathologic and immunohistochemical study / Efectos de la diabetes mellitus inducida por streptozotocina en el hueso alveolar de ratas: estudio histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico

SUMMARY: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the alveolar bone with histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. Wistar rats were divided into two groups, control and diabetes group. Control group was fed standard rat chow and drinking water for 8 weeks. Single dose (Streptozotocin) STZ (55 mg/kg), was dissolved in sodium citrate buffer and introduced intraperitoneal injection. Diabetes group and control group were compared in terms of glucose values. The blood glucose concentration in diabetic rats was significantly high (p <0.05). In diabetes group; periodontal membrane and the dilation of blood vessels, hemorrhage has also been a significant increase in inflammatory cells. In the diabetes group, osteonectin showed positive expression in periodontal membrane and showed negative expression in osteocytes of alveolar bone. Osteopontin expression in fibroblast cells and periodontal membrane collagen fibrils was positive, alveolar cells, osteocytes and bone matrix bone was found positive. Diabetes results showed that there formed periodontitis; due to the increase in inflammation inhibiting bone formation delaying the development of early bone cells.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos de la diabetes mellitus (DM) sobre el hueso alveolar con métodos histopatológicos e inmunohistoquímicos. Las ratas Wistar se dividieron en dos grupos, grupo control y grupo de diabetes. El grupo control fue alimentado con comida estándar y agua potable durante 8 semanas. La dosis única Streptozotocina (STZ) (55 mg/ kg), se disolvió en tampón de citrato de sodio y se introdujo mediante inyección intraperitoneal. El grupo diabetes y el grupo control se compararon en términos de valores de glucosa. La concentración de glucosa en sangre en ratas diabéticas fue significativamente alta (p <0,05). En el grupo diabetes hubo un aumento significativo de la membrana periodontal y dilatación de los vasos sanguíneos y hemorragia, con un aumento significativo de células inflamatorias. En el grupo diabetes, la osteonectina mostró una expresión positiva en la membrana periodontal además se observó expresión negativa en los osteocitos del hueso alveolar. La expresión de osteopontina en fibroblastos y fibrillas de colágeno en membrana periodontal fue positiva, las células alveolares, osteocitos y hueso de la matriz ósea dio positivo. Los resultados de la diabetes mostraron que existía periodontitis, debido al aumento de la inflamación que inhibió la formación ósea retardando el desarrollo de células óseas tempranas.